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Romans 12:20 Go deeper

← Romans 12 · ← verse 19 · verse 21 →

Therefore if thine enemy hunger, feed him; if he thirst, give him drink: for in so doing thou shalt heap coals of fire on his head. (KJV)

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Greek text follows the SBLGNT, Textus Receptus and Byzantine readings in STEPBible's Translators Amalgamated Greek NT.

ἀλλ᾽all᾽On the contrary

Lemma: ἀλλά (alla) · Strong's: G0235

Parsing: Conjunction (CONJ)

Meaning: but — ἀλλά (ἀλλ᾽ usually bef. α and υ, often bef. ε and η, rarely bef. ο and ω, never bef. ι; Tdf., Pr., 93 f.; WH, App., 146), ; adversative particle, ; stronger than δέ; prop. neuter pl. of ἄλλος, used adverbially, with…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT

Used 642 times. Also: Matthew 4:4, Matthew 5:15, Matthew 5:17, Matthew 5:39, Matthew 6:13, Matthew 6:18 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G0235; TFLSJ G0235; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 1

ἐὰνeanIf

Lemma: ἐάν (ean) · Strong's: G1437

Parsing: Conjunction (COND)

Meaning: if — ἐάν, contr. fr. εἰ ἄν, ; conditional particle, ; representing something as "under certain circumstances actual or liable to happen," but not so definitely expected as in the case of εἰ with ind. (Bl., §65, 4; cf.…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 345 times. Also: Matthew 4:9, Matthew 5:13, Matthew 5:19, Matthew 5:20, Matthew 5:23, Matthew 5:32 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G1437; TFLSJ G1437; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 2

πεινᾷpeinashall hunger

Lemma: πεινάω (peinaō) · Strong's: G3983

Parsing: Verb · Present · Active · Subjunctive · 3rd · Singular (V-PAS-3S)

Meaning: to hunger — πεινάω, -ῶ ; [in LXX chiefly for = רָעֵב ; ] ; to hunger, be hungry: Mat.4:2 12:1, 3 21:18 25:35, 37 25:42, 44, Mrk.2:25 11:12, Luk.1:53 4:2 6:3, Rom.12:20" (LXX), 1Co.4:11 11:21 11:34 Php.4:12, Rev.7:16;…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 23 times. Also: Matthew 4:2, Matthew 5:6, Matthew 12:1, Matthew 12:3, Matthew 21:18, Matthew 25:35 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G3983; TFLSJ G3983; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 3

ὁhothe

Lemma: ὁ (ho) · Strong's: G3588

Parsing: Definite article · Nominative · Singular · Masculine (T-NSM)

Meaning: the/this/who — ὁ, ἡ, τό, ; the prepositive article (ἄρθρον προτακτικόν), originally a demonstr. pron. (so usually in Hom.), in general corresponding to the Eng. definite article. ; I. As demonstr. pron. ; 1. As frequently in Hom.,…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 20654 times. Also: Matthew 1:2, Matthew 1:3, Matthew 1:4, Matthew 1:5, Matthew 1:6, Matthew 1:7 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G3588; TFLSJ G3588; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 4

ἐχθρόςechthrosenemy

Lemma: ἐχθρός (echthros) · Strong's: G2190

Parsing: Noun · Nominative · Singular · Masculine (N-NSM)

Meaning: enemy — ἐχθρός, -ά, -όν; (ἔχθος, hatred), [in LXX chiefly for אֵיבָה, also for עָר, etc. ; ] ; 1. hated, hateful (Hom.): opposite to ἀγαπητός, Rom.11:28. ; 2. Actively, hating, hostile: Rom.5:10, 1Co.15:25, 2Th.3:15; with…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 32 times. Also: Matthew 5:43, Matthew 5:44, Matthew 10:36, Matthew 13:25, Matthew 13:28, Matthew 13:39 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G2190; TFLSJ G2190; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 5

σου,souof you,

Lemma: σύ (su) · Strong's: G4771

Parsing: Personal pronoun · 2nd · Genitive · Singular (P-2GS)

Meaning: you — σύ, ; pron. of 2nd of person(s), ; thou, you, genitive, σοῦ, dative, σοί, accusative, σέ, pl., ὑμεῖς, -ῶν, -ῖν, -ᾶς (enclitic in oblique cases sing., except after prep. (BL, §48, 3), though πρὸς σέ occurs in Mat.25:39).…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 3071 times. Also: Matthew 1:20, Matthew 2:6, Matthew 2:13, Matthew 3:7, Matthew 3:9, Matthew 3:11 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G4771; TFLSJ G4771; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 6

ψώμιζεpsōmizedo feed

Lemma: ψωμίζω (psōmizō) · Strong's: G5595

Parsing: Verb · Present · Active · Imperative · 2nd · Singular (V-PAM-2S)

Meaning: to feed/dole out — ψωμίζω; (ψωμός, a morsel), [in LXX chiefly for אָכַל hi. ; ] ; to feed with morsels (as children or the sick; Hippocr.), hence, generally, in late writers, to feed, nourish: with accusative of person(s), Rom.12:20…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 2 times. Also: 1 Corinthians 13:3 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G5595; TFLSJ G5595; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 7

αὐτόν·autonhim;

Lemma: αὐτός (autos) · Strong's: G0846

Parsing: Personal pronoun · Accusative · Singular · Masculine (P-ASM)

Meaning: it/s/he — αὐτός, -ή, -ό, ; determinative pron., in late Gk. much more frequently than in cl. (WM, 178f.; Jannaris, HGG, §1399). ; 1. Emphatic (so always in nom. exc. when preceded by the art., see infr., iii); (1) self (ipse),…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 5846 times. Also: Matthew 1:2, Matthew 1:11, Matthew 1:18, Matthew 1:19, Matthew 1:20, Matthew 1:21 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G0846; TFLSJ G0846; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 8

ἐὰνeanif

Lemma: ἐάν (ean) · Strong's: G1437

Parsing: Conjunction (COND)

Meaning: if — ἐάν, contr. fr. εἰ ἄν, ; conditional particle, ; representing something as "under certain circumstances actual or liable to happen," but not so definitely expected as in the case of εἰ with ind. (Bl., §65, 4; cf.…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 345 times. Also: Matthew 4:9, Matthew 5:13, Matthew 5:19, Matthew 5:20, Matthew 5:23, Matthew 5:32 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G1437; TFLSJ G1437; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 9

διψᾷ,dipsahe shall thirst,

Lemma: διψάω (dipsaō) · Strong's: G1372

Parsing: Verb · Present · Active · Subjunctive · 3rd · Singular (V-PAS-3S)

Meaning: to thirst — διψάω,-ῶ; (δίψα, thirst), [in LXX chiefly for צָמֵא ; ] ; to thirst: absol., Mat.25:35, 37 25:42, 44, Jhn.4:13, 15 19:28, Rom.12:20" (LXX), 1Co.4:11; figuratively, Jhn.4:14 6:35 7:37, Rev.7:16 21:6 22:17; with…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 16 times. Also: Matthew 5:6, Matthew 25:35, Matthew 25:37, Matthew 25:42, Matthew 25:44, John 4:13 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G1372; TFLSJ G1372; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 10

πότιζεpotizedo give drink

Lemma: ποτίζω (potizō) · Strong's: G4222

Parsing: Verb · Present · Active · Imperative · 2nd · Singular (V-PAM-2S)

Meaning: to water — ποτίζω; (πότος), [in LXX chiefly for שָׁקָה hi. ; ] ; to give to drink: with accusative of person(s), Mat.25:35, 37 25:42 27:48, Mrk.15:36, Luk.13:15, Rom.12:20; with dupl. accusative, Mat.10:42, Mrk.9:41; fig., γάλα,…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 15 times. Also: Matthew 10:42, Matthew 25:35, Matthew 25:37, Matthew 25:42, Matthew 27:48, Mark 9:41 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G4222; TFLSJ G4222; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 11

αὐτόν·autonhim;

Lemma: αὐτός (autos) · Strong's: G0846

Parsing: Personal pronoun · Accusative · Singular · Masculine (P-ASM)

Meaning: it/s/he — αὐτός, -ή, -ό, ; determinative pron., in late Gk. much more frequently than in cl. (WM, 178f.; Jannaris, HGG, §1399). ; 1. Emphatic (so always in nom. exc. when preceded by the art., see infr., iii); (1) self (ipse),…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 5846 times. Also: Matthew 1:2, Matthew 1:11, Matthew 1:18, Matthew 1:19, Matthew 1:20, Matthew 1:21 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G0846; TFLSJ G0846; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 12

τοῦτοtoutothis

Lemma: οὗτος (ohutos) · Strong's: G3778

Parsing: Demonstrative pronoun · Accusative · Singular · Neuter (D-ASN)

Meaning: this/he/she/it — οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο, genitive, τούτου, ταύτης, τούτου, ; [in LXX chiefly for זֹאת ,זֶה ; ] ; demonstr. pron. (related to ἐκεῖνος as hic to ille), ; this; 1. as subst., this one, he; (a) absol.: Mat.3:17, Mrk.9:7,…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 1423 times. Also: Matthew 1:20, Matthew 1:22, Matthew 3:3, Matthew 3:9, Matthew 3:17, Matthew 4:3 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G3778; TFLSJ G3778; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 13

γὰρgarfor

Lemma: γάρ (gar) · Strong's: G1063

Parsing: Conjunction (CONJ)

Meaning: for — γάρ, ; co-ordinating particle, contr. of γε ἄρα, ; verily then, hence, in truth, indeed, yea, then, why, and when giving a reason or explanation, for, the usage in NT being in general accord with that of cl.; 1.…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 1080 times. Also: Matthew 1:18, Matthew 1:20, Matthew 1:21, Matthew 2:2, Matthew 2:5, Matthew 2:6 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G1063; TFLSJ G1063; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 14

ποιῶνpoiōndoing

Lemma: ποιέω (poieō) · Strong's: G4160G

Parsing: Verb · Present · Active · Participle · Nominative · Singular · Masculine (V-PAP-NSM)

Meaning: to do/make: do — ποιέω, -ῶ, ; [in LXX for a great variety of words, but chiefly for עשׂה ; ] ; 1. to make, produce, create, cause: with accusative of thing(s), Mat.17:4, Mrk.9:5, Jhn.9:11, Act.9:39, Rom.9:20, al.; of God as Creator…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 565 times. Also: Matthew 1:24, Matthew 3:3, Matthew 3:8, Matthew 3:10, Matthew 4:19, Matthew 5:19 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G4160G; TFLSJ G4160G; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 15

ἄνθρακαςanthrakascoals

Lemma: ἄνθραξ (anthrax) · Strong's: G0440

Parsing: Noun · Accusative · Plural · Masculine (N-APM)

Meaning: charcoal — ἄνθραξ, -ακος, ὁ ; [in LXX chiefly for גֶּחֶל ; ] ; coal, charcoal: . ἄ. πυρός, a burning coal, Rom.12:20.†; (AS)

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 1 time. All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G0440; TFLSJ G0440; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 16

πυρὸςpurosof fire

Lemma: πῦρ (pur) · Strong's: G4442

Parsing: Noun · Genitive · Singular · Neuter (N-GSN)

Meaning: fire — πῦρ genitive, πυρός, τό, ; [in LXX chiefly and very frequently for אֵשׁ ; ] ; fire: Mrk.9:22, Luk.3:9, Jhn.15:6, Act.2:10, 1Co.3:13, Jas.3:5, Rev.8:5, al; π. καὶ θεῖον, Luk.17:29; κατακαίειν (ἐν) π., Mat.13:40,…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 75 times. Also: Matthew 3:10, Matthew 3:11, Matthew 3:12, Matthew 5:22, Matthew 7:19, Matthew 13:40 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G4442; TFLSJ G4442; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 17

σωρεύσειςsōreuseisyou will heap

Lemma: σωρεύω (sōreuō) · Strong's: G4987

Parsing: Verb · Future · Active · Indicative · 2nd · Singular (V-FAI-2S)

Meaning: to pile up — σωρεύω ; [in LXX: Pro.25:22 (חָתָה), Jdth.15:11 * ; ] ; (a) to heap on: with accusative before ἐπί with accusative, Rom.12:20 (LXX) (Arist., al.); (b) to heap with: with accusative and dative, metaphorically, ἁμαρτίαις,…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 2 times. Also: 2 Timothy 3:6 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G4987; TFLSJ G4987; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 18

ἐπὶepiupon

Lemma: ἐπί (epi) · Strong's: G1909

Parsing: Preposition (PREP)

Meaning: upon/to/against — ἐπί (before a smooth breathing ἐπ᾽, before a rough breathing ἐφ᾽), ; prep. with genitive, dative, accusative (accusative most frequently in NT), ; with primary sense of superposition, on, upon. ; I. C. genitive, ; 1. of…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 905 times. Also: Matthew 1:11, Matthew 2:22, Matthew 3:7, Matthew 3:13, Matthew 3:16, Matthew 4:4 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G1909; TFLSJ G1909; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 19

τὴνtēnthe

Lemma: ὁ (ho) · Strong's: G3588

Parsing: Definite article · Accusative · Singular · Feminine (T-ASF)

Meaning: the/this/who — ὁ, ἡ, τό, ; the prepositive article (ἄρθρον προτακτικόν), originally a demonstr. pron. (so usually in Hom.), in general corresponding to the Eng. definite article. ; I. As demonstr. pron. ; 1. As frequently in Hom.,…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 20654 times. Also: Matthew 1:2, Matthew 1:3, Matthew 1:4, Matthew 1:5, Matthew 1:6, Matthew 1:7 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G3588; TFLSJ G3588; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 20

κεφαλὴνkephalēnhead

Lemma: κεφαλή (kephalē) · Strong's: G2776

Parsing: Noun · Accusative · Singular · Feminine (N-ASF)

Meaning: head — κεφαλή, -ῆς, ἡ ; [in LXX nearly always for רֹאשׁ ; ] ; the head: Mat.5:35, Mrk.6:24, Rev.1:14 9:7, al. mult.; figuratively, ἄνθρακες ἐπὶ τὴν κ., Rom.12:20 (LXX); αἷμι, Act.18:6; metaphorically, of a husband, with…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 76 times. Also: Matthew 5:36, Matthew 6:17, Matthew 8:20, Matthew 10:30, Matthew 14:8, Matthew 14:11 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G2776; TFLSJ G2776; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 21

αὐτοῦ.autouof him.

Lemma: αὐτός (autos) · Strong's: G0846

Parsing: Personal pronoun · Genitive · Singular · Masculine (P-GSM)

Meaning: it/s/he — αὐτός, -ή, -ό, ; determinative pron., in late Gk. much more frequently than in cl. (WM, 178f.; Jannaris, HGG, §1399). ; 1. Emphatic (so always in nom. exc. when preceded by the art., see infr., iii); (1) self (ipse),…

Greek editions with this word: SBLGNT, TR, Byzantine

Used 5846 times. Also: Matthew 1:2, Matthew 1:11, Matthew 1:18, Matthew 1:19, Matthew 1:20, Matthew 1:21 · All occurrences →

Source: TBESG G0846; TFLSJ G0846; TAGNT Romans 12:20 word 22

How the BSB renders it

Each English phrase in the Berean Standard Bible and the original word behind it.

On the contrary→ἀλλά G0235 but
If→ἐάν G1437 if
your→σύ G4771 you
enemy→ἐχθρός G2190 enemy
is hungry→πεινάω G3983 to hunger
feed→ψωμίζω G5595 to feed/dole out
him→αὐτός G0846 it/s/he
if→ἐάν G1437 if
he is thirsty→διψάω G1372 to thirst
give him a drink→ποτίζω G4222 to water
For→γάρ G1063 for
in so doing→ποιέω G4160G to do/make: do
. . .→οὗτος G3778 this/he/she/it
you will heap→σωρεύω G4987 to pile up
burning→πῦρ G4442 fire
coals→ἄνθραξ G0440 charcoal
on→ἐπί G1909 upon/to/against
his→αὐτός G0846 it/s/he
head→κεφαλή G2776 head

King James Version (KJV), public domain in the United States. Source

All attributions

Original-language words, glosses, parsing and lexicon entries: STEPBible data by Tyndale House, Cambridge (TAHOT, TAGNT, TBESH, TBESG, TFLSJ, TEHMC, TEGMC), CC BY 4.0, with changes. Hebrew text from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible. English alignment: Berean Standard Bible tables (public domain).

All attributions and changes